SEC Filing | Cara Therapeutics

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Table of Contents

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

(Mark One)

☒ QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

FOR THE QUARTERLY PERIOD ENDED JUNE 30, 2023

☐ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

COMMISSION FILE NUMBER 001-36279

CARA THERAPEUTICS, INC.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Delaware	75-3175693
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)	(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)

4 Stamford Plaza 107 Elm Street, 9^th Floor Stamford, Connecticut	06902
(Address of registrant’s principal executive offices)	(Zip Code)

Registrant’s telephone number, including area code: (203) 406-3700

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of each class	Trading Symbol	Name of each exchange on which registered
Common Stock, par value $0.001 per share	CARA	The Nasdaq Stock Market LLC

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. ☒ Yes ☐ No.

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§ 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). ☒ Yes ☐ No.

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer”, “accelerated filer”, “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.


Large accelerated filer	☐	Accelerated filer	☐
Non-accelerated filer	☒	Smaller reporting company	☒
		Emerging growth company	☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). ☐ Yes ☒ No.

The number of outstanding shares of the registrant’s common stock, par value $0.001 per share, as of August 3, 2023 was: 54,077,681.

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CARA THERAPEUTICS, INC.

INDEX TO FORM 10-Q

FOR THE QUARTERLY PERIOD ENDED JUNE 30, 2023

PART I –FINANCIAL INFORMATION

		PAGE NUMBER

Item 1.	Financial Statements (Unaudited):

	Condensed Balance Sheets as of June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022	1

	Condensed Statements of Comprehensive Loss for the Three and Six Months Ended June 30, 2023 and 2022	2

	Condensed Statements of Stockholders’ Equity for the Three and Six Months Ended June 30, 2023 and 2022	3

	Condensed Statements of Cash Flows for the Six Months Ended June 30, 2023 and 2022	4

	Notes to Condensed Financial Statements	5

Item 2.	Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	32

Item 3.	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk	58

Item 4.	Controls and Procedures	59

	PART II – OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1.	Legal Proceedings	61

Item 1A.	Risk Factors	61

Item 2.	Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds	62

Item 3.	Defaults Upon Senior Securities	62

Item 4.	Mine Safety Disclosures	63

Item 5.	Other Information	63

Item 6.	Exhibits	64

	SIGNATURES	66

Table of Contents

PART I

FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1.Financial Statements.

CARA THERAPEUTICS, INC.

CONDENSED BALANCE SHEETS

(amounts in thousands, excluding share and per share data)

(unaudited)



	June 30, 2023		December 31, 2022
Assets
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	58,249	$	63,741
Marketable securities		36,442		81,658
Accounts receivable, net - related party		10,124		3,260
Inventory, net		3,420		2,383
Income tax receivable		697		697
Other receivables		420		496
Prepaid expenses		14,976		16,267
Restricted cash		408		408
Total current assets		124,736		168,910
Operating lease right-of-use assets		792		1,551
Marketable securities, non-current		7,053		11,350
Property and equipment, net		308		426
Restricted cash, non-current		1,500		—
Total assets	$	134,389	$	182,237
Liabilities and stockholders’ equity
Current liabilities:
Accounts payable and accrued expenses	$	24,475	$	21,540
Operating lease liabilities, current		982		1,918
Total current liabilities		25,457		23,458

Commitments and contingencies (Note 16)		—		—
Stockholders’ equity:
Preferred stock; $0.001 par value; 5,000,000 shares authorized at June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, zero shares issued and outstanding at June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022		—		—
Common stock; $0.001 par value; 100,000,000 shares authorized at June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, 54,068,806 shares and 53,797,341 shares issued and outstanding at June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively		54		53
Additional paid-in capital		733,984		726,630
Accumulated deficit		(624,376)		(566,232)
Accumulated other comprehensive loss		(730)		(1,672)
Total stockholders’ equity		108,932		158,779
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity	$	134,389	$	182,237

See Notes to Condensed Financial Statements.

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CARA THERAPEUTICS, INC.

CONDENSED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE LOSS

(amounts in thousands, excluding share and per share data)

(unaudited)


	Three Months Ended				Six Months Ended
	June 30, 2023		June 30, 2022		June 30, 2023		June 30, 2022
Revenue:
Collaborative revenue	$	5,410	$	8,003	$	8,160	$	8,003
Commercial supply revenue		1,400		—		4,591		4,790
Royalty revenue		123		—		248		—
License and milestone fees		—		15,000		—		15,000
Clinical compound revenue		—		—		99		—
Total revenue		6,933		23,003		13,098		27,793
Operating expenses:
Cost of goods sold		1,418		—		4,008		2,081
Research and development		30,310		19,905		54,644		41,178
General and administrative		7,545		7,570		14,436		16,917
Total operating expenses		39,273		27,475		73,088		60,176
Operating loss		(32,340)		(4,472)		(59,990)		(32,383)
Other income, net		861		266		1,846		428
Net loss	$	(31,479)	$	(4,206)	$	(58,144)	$	(31,955)
Net loss per share:
Basic and Diluted	$	(0.58)	$	(0.08)	$	(1.08)	$	(0.60)
Weighted average shares:
Basic and Diluted		54,002,988		53,614,668		53,937,875		53,561,161
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax of $0:
Change in unrealized gains (losses) on available-for-sale marketable securities		371		(324)		942		(1,689)
Total comprehensive loss	$	(31,108)	$	(4,530)	$	(57,202)	$	(33,644)

See Notes to Condensed Financial Statements.

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CARA THERAPEUTICS, INC.

CONDENSED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY

(amounts in thousands except share and per share data)

(unaudited)


								Accumulated
				Additional				Other		Total
	Common Stock			Paid-In		Accumulated		Comprehensive		Stockholders’
	Shares	Amount		Capital		Deficit		Loss		Equity
Balance at December 31, 2022	53,797,341	$	53	$	726,630	$	(566,232)	$	(1,672)	$	158,779
Stock-based compensation expense	—		—		2,972		—		—		2,972
Shares issued upon exercise of stock options	93,218		1		559		—		—		560
Shares issued upon vesting of restricted stock units	83,793		—		381		—		—		381
Net loss	—		—		—		(26,665)		—		(26,665)
Other comprehensive income	—		—		—		—		571		571
Balance at March 31, 2023	53,974,352	$	54	$	730,542	$	(592,897)	$	(1,101)	$	136,598
Stock-based compensation expense	—		—		3,116		—		—		3,116
Shares issued upon vesting of restricted stock units	94,454		—		326		—		—		326
Net loss	—		—		—		(31,479)		—		(31,479)
Other comprehensive income	—		—		—		—		371		371
Balance at June 30, 2023	54,068,806	$	54	$	733,984	$	(624,376)	$	(730)	$	108,932


								Accumulated
				Additional				Other		Total
	Common Stock			Paid-In		Accumulated		Comprehensive		Stockholders’
	Shares	Amount		Capital		Deficit		Loss		Equity
Balance at December 31, 2021	53,480,812	$	53	$	708,585	$	(480,758)	$	(358)	$	227,522
Stock-based compensation expense	—		—		4,266		—		—		4,266
Shares issued upon exercise of stock options	470		—		3		—		—		3
Shares issued upon vesting of restricted stock units	109,943		—		1,438		—		—		1,438
Net loss	—		—		—		(27,749)		—		(27,749)
Other comprehensive loss	—		—		—		—		(1,365)		(1,365)
Balance at March 31, 2022	53,591,225	$	53	$	714,292	$	(508,507)	$	(1,723)	$	204,115
Stock-based compensation expense	—		—		4,232		—		—		4,232
Shares issued upon exercise of stock options	30,000		—		182		—		—		182
Shares issued upon vesting of restricted stock units	89,075		—		423		—		—		423
Net loss	—		—		—		(4,206)		—		(4,206)
Other comprehensive loss	—		—		—		—		(324)		(324)
Balance at June 30, 2022	53,710,300	$	53	$	719,129	$	(512,713)	$	(2,047)	$	204,422

See Notes to Condensed Financial Statements.

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CARA THERAPEUTICS, INC.

CONDENSED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(amounts in thousands)

(unaudited)


	Six Months Ended
	June 30, 2023		June 30, 2022
Operating activities
Net loss	$	(58,144)	$	(31,955)
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities:
Stock-based compensation expense		6,795		10,359
Depreciation and amortization		118		126
Amortization expense component of lease expense		759		695
(Accretion)/amortization of available-for-sale marketable securities, net		(56)		530
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
Accounts receivable, net - related party		(6,864)		(8,003)
Inventory, net		(1,037)		(876)
Other receivables		76		(13)
Prepaid expenses		1,291		(3,507)
Accounts payable and accrued expenses		2,935		3,471
Operating lease liabilities		(936)		(855)
Net cash used in operating activities		(55,063)		(30,028)
Investing activities
Proceeds from maturities of available-for-sale marketable securities		72,265		94,250
Proceeds from redemptions of available-for-sale marketable securities, at par		4,000		—
Purchases of available-for-sale marketable securities		(25,754)		(31,099)
Purchases of property and equipment		—		(43)
Net cash provided by investing activities		50,511		63,108
Financing activities
Proceeds from the exercise of stock options		560		185
Net cash provided by financing activities		560		185
Net (decrease) increase in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash		(3,992)		33,265
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at beginning of period		64,149		13,861
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at end of period	$	60,157	$	47,126

See Notes to Condensed Financial Statements.

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CARA THERAPEUTICS, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(amounts in thousands, except share and per share data)

(unaudited)

1. Business

Cara Therapeutics, Inc., or the Company, is a commercial-stage biopharmaceutical corporation formed on July 2, 2004. The Company is leading a new treatment paradigm to improve the lives of patients suffering from pruritus. The Company’s primary activities to date have been organizing and staffing the Company, developing its lead product and product candidates, including conducting preclinical studies and clinical trials of difelikefalin-based product candidates, and raising capital.

In August 2021, the Company received U.S. Food and Drug Administration, or FDA, approval for KORSUVA®(difelikefalin) injection, or KORSUVA injection, for the treatment of moderate-to-severe pruritus associated with chronic kidney disease in adults undergoing hemodialysis. Commercial launch of KORSUVA injection began in the United States in April 2022 and the Company began recording the associated profit-sharing revenues in the second quarter of 2022.

In April 2022, the European Commission granted marketing authorization to difelikefalin injection under the brand name Kapruvia® (difelikefalin), or Kapruvia, for the treatment of moderate-to-severe pruritus associated with chronic kidney disease in adult hemodialysis patients. The marketing authorization approved Kapruvia for use in all member states of the European Union, or EU, as well as Iceland, Liechtenstein, and Norway. Kapruvia was also approved in the United Kingdom in April 2022. Commercial launches in Austria, Germany, Sweden, France, the Netherlands, and Finland have commenced. In August 2022, as part of the Access Consortium, difelikefalin injection was approved in Switzerland under the brand name Kapruvia, as well as Singapore and Canada under the brand name KORSUVA. Commercial launch in Switzerland has also commenced. In November 2022, difelikefalin injection was approved in the last Access Consortium country, Australia, under the brand name KORSUVA. Difelikefalin injection was also approved in the United Arab Emirates, Kuwait, and Israel under the brand name KORSUVA in January 2023, May 2023, and June 2023, respectively. The Company expects additional commercial launches to commence over the next 12-18 months.

In 2018, the Company entered into a license and collaboration agreement with a joint venture between Vifor Pharma Group and Fresenius Medical Care Renal Pharmaceutical Ltd., or Vifor Fresenius Medical Care Renal Pharma Ltd., that provides full commercialization rights of Kapruvia, and where applicable KORSUVA, to Vifor Fresenius Medical Care Renal Pharma Ltd. worldwide (excluding the United States, Japan and South Korea). In markets outside of the United States, the Company is eligible to receive tiered double-digit royalty payments based on annual net sales, as defined in the agreement with Vifor Fresenius Medical Care Renal Pharma Ltd., of difelikefalin injection in the licensed territories. In the U.S. market, the agreement with Vifor Fresenius Medical Care Renal Pharma Ltd. provides that Vifor Fresenius Medical Care Renal Pharma Ltd. will promote difelikefalin injection in the dialysis clinics of Fresenius Medical Care North America, or FMCNA, under a profit-sharing arrangement, whereby the Company is generally entitled to 50% of the annual net profits (as defined in the agreement with Vifor Fresenius Medical Care Renal Pharma Ltd.) based on net FMCNA clinic sales (as defined in the agreement with Vifor Fresenius Medical Care Renal Pharma Ltd.) and Vifor Fresenius Medical Care Renal Pharma Ltd. is entitled to 50% of such net profits, subject to potential adjustments in a calendar year based on certain conditions (see Note 11, Collaboration and Licensing Agreements).

In 2020, the Company entered into a second licensing and collaboration agreement, along with stock purchase agreements, with Vifor (International) Ltd., or Vifor International, that provides full commercialization rights of KORSUVA injection to Vifor International in dialysis clinics in the United States under a profit-sharing arrangement, whereby total net sales of KORSUVA injection in the United States, as recorded by Vifor International, are reduced by Vifor International’s cost of goods sold, or COGS, as well as a marketing and distribution fee owed by the Company based on the level of annual net sales, and the resulting amount is shared according to a 60% (Company)/40% (Vifor International) profit split (excluding sales to Fresenius Medical Center dialysis clinics, compensation for which is

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CARA THERAPEUTICS, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(amounts in thousands, except share and per share data)

(unaudited)

governed by the agreement with Vifor Fresenius Medical Care Renal Pharma Ltd.), subject to potential temporary adjustment in future years based on certain conditions (see Note 11, Collaboration and Licensing Agreements).

In May 2022, Vifor International assigned its rights and obligations under the license agreement and a supply agreement, as permitted under the agreements, to Vifor Fresenius Medical Care Renal Pharma Ltd. The Company’s rights and obligations under these agreements were unaffected by this assignment and the assignment did not affect the Company’s economic rights under the agreements with Vifor International.

In August 2022, Vifor Pharma Group (which includes Vifor International) was acquired by CSL Limited and subsequently renamed CSL Vifor as part of the acquisition. The acquisition of Vifor Pharma Group did not affect any of the Company’s rights and obligations pursuant to these agreements.

The Company also has a license agreement with Maruishi Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd., or Maruishi, under which the Company granted Maruishi an exclusive license to develop, manufacture, and commercialize drug products containing difelikefalin for acute pain and/or uremic pruritus in Japan. In September 2022, Maruishi submitted a New Drug Application in Japan for approval of difelikefalin injection for the treatment of pruritus in hemodialysis patients (see Note 11, Collaboration and Licensing Agreements).

As of June 30, 2023, the Company had raised aggregate net proceeds of approximately $519,600 from several rounds of equity financing, including its initial public offering, or IPO, which closed in February 2014 and four follow-on public offerings of common stock, which closed in July 2019, July 2018, April 2017 and August 2015, respectively, and the issuance of convertible preferred stock and debt prior to the IPO. Including profit share revenue and royalties, the Company has also earned approximately $279,900 under its license and supply agreements for difelikefalin, primarily with CSL Vifor, Maruishi, and Chong Kun Dang Pharmaceutical Corp., or CKDP, and an earlier product candidate for which development efforts ceased in 2007. The Company has also received aggregate net proceeds of approximately $98,000 from the issuance and sale of the Company’s common stock to Vifor International in connection with the Company’s licensing agreement with CSL Vifor (see Note 11, Collaboration and Licensing Agreements).

As of June 30, 2023, the Company had unrestricted cash and cash equivalents and marketable securities of $101,744 and an accumulated deficit of $624,376. The Company has incurred substantial net losses and negative cash flows from operating activities in nearly every fiscal period since inception and expects this trend to continue for the foreseeable future. The Company recognized net losses of $31,479 and $4,206 for the three months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively, and $58,144 and $31,955 for the six months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively, and had net cash used in operating activities of $55,063 and $30,028 for the six months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively.

The Company is subject to risks common to other life science companies including, but not limited to, uncertainty of product development and commercialization, lack of marketing and sales history, development by its competitors of new technological innovations, dependence on key personnel, market acceptance of products, product liability, protection of proprietary technology, ability to raise additional financing, and compliance with FDA and other government regulations. If the Company does not successfully commercialize KORSUVA injection, Kapruvia or any of its other product candidates, it will be unable to generate additional recurring product revenue or achieve profitability.

2. Basis of Presentation

The unaudited interim condensed financial statements included herein have been prepared pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission, or SEC. Accordingly, they do not include all information and disclosures necessary for a presentation of the Company’s financial position, results of operations and cash flows in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of America, or GAAP. In the opinion of

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CARA THERAPEUTICS, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(amounts in thousands, except share and per share data)

(unaudited)

management, these unaudited interim financial statements reflect all adjustments, consisting primarily of normal recurring accruals, necessary for a fair presentation of results for the periods presented. The results of operations for interim periods are not necessarily indicative of the results for the full year. Certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in financial statements prepared in accordance with GAAP have been condensed or omitted from this report, as is permitted by SEC rules and regulations; however, the Company believes that the disclosures are adequate to make the information presented not misleading. The condensed balance sheet data as of December 31, 2022 were derived from audited financial statements, but do not include all disclosures required by GAAP. These unaudited interim condensed financial statements should be read in conjunction with the audited financial statements and accompanying notes thereto included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022.

Use of Estimates

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires the Company to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities, as of the date of the financial statements as well as the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. The more significant estimates include the fair value of marketable securities that are classified as level 2 of the fair value hierarchy, the amount and periods over which certain revenues will be recognized, including licensing and collaborative revenue recognized from non-refundable up-front and milestone payments, related party accounts receivable reserve, as applicable, inventory valuation and related reserves, research and development, or R&D, clinical costs and accrued research projects included in prepaid expenses and accounts payable and accrued expenses, the amount of non-cash compensation costs related to share-based payments to employees and non-employees, the incremental borrowing rate used in lease calculations and the likelihood of realization of deferred tax assets.

The impact from global economic conditions and potential and continuing disruptions to and volatility in the credit and equity markets in the United States and worldwide are highly uncertain and cannot be predicted, including impacts from the COVID-19 pandemic or future public health crises, geopolitical tensions, such as the ongoing military conflict between Russia and Ukraine and related sanctions against Russia, decades-high inflation, rising interest rates, uncertainty and liquidity concerns in the broader financial services industry, such as those caused by certain recent banking failures, and a potential recession in the United States. Estimates and assumptions about future events and their effects cannot be determined with certainty and therefore require the exercise of judgment. As of the date of issuance of these condensed financial statements, the Company is not aware of any specific event or circumstance that would require the Company to update its estimates, assumptions and judgments or revise the reported amounts of assets and liabilities or the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities. These estimates, however, may change as new events occur and additional information is obtained, and are recognized in the condensed financial statements as soon as they become known.

Actual results could differ materially from the Company’s estimates and assumptions.

Significant Accounting Policies

There have been no material changes to the significant accounting policies previously disclosed in Note 2 to the Financial Statements in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022.

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CARA THERAPEUTICS, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(amounts in thousands, except share and per share data)

(unaudited)

3. Available-for-Sale Marketable Securities

As of June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, the Company’s available-for-sale marketable securities consisted of debt securities issued by U.S. government-sponsored entities and investment grade institutions as well as municipal bonds.

The following tables summarize the Company’s available-for-sale marketable securities by major type of security as of June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022:

As of June 30, 2023


			Gross Unrealized				Estimated Fair
Type of Security	Amortized Cost		Gains		Losses		Value
U.S. government agency obligations	$	9,500	$	—	$	(497)	$	9,003
Corporate bonds		19,859		—		(184)		19,675
Municipal bonds		14,866		—		(49)		14,817
Total available-for-sale marketable securities	$	44,225	$	—	$	(730)	$	43,495

As of December 31, 2022


			Gross Unrealized				Estimated Fair
Type of Security	Amortized Cost		Gains		Losses		Value
U.S. government agency obligations	$	9,500	$	—	$	(623)	$	8,877
Corporate bonds		35,828		—		(643)		35,185
Commercial paper		26,879		2		(6)		26,875
Municipal bonds		22,473		—		(402)		22,071
Total available-for-sale marketable securities	$	94,680	$	2	$	(1,674)	$	93,008

The following tables summarize the fair value and gross unrealized losses of the Company’s available-for-sale marketable securities by investment category and disaggregated by the length of time that individual debt securities have been in a continuous unrealized loss position as of June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022:

As of June 30, 2023


	Less than 12 Months				12 Months or Greater				Total
			Gross				Gross				Gross
	Fair		Unrealized		Fair		Unrealized		Fair		Unrealized
	Value		Losses		Value		Losses		Value		Losses
U.S. government agency obligations	$	—	$	—	$	9,003	$	(497)	$	9,003	$	(497)
Corporate bonds		—		—		19,675		(184)		19,675		(184)
Municipal bonds		—		—		7,702		(49)		7,702		(49)
Total	$	—	$	—	$	36,380	$	(730)	$	36,380	$	(730)

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CARA THERAPEUTICS, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(amounts in thousands, except share and per share data)

(unaudited)

As of December 31, 2022


	Less than 12 Months				12 Months or Greater				Total
			Gross				Gross				Gross
	Fair		Unrealized		Fair		Unrealized		Fair		Unrealized
	Value		Losses		Value		Losses		Value		Losses
U.S. government agency obligations	$	—	$	—	$	8,877	$	(623)	$	8,877	$	(623)
Corporate bonds		1,470		(26)		33,715		(617)		35,185		(643)
Commercial paper		15,906		(6)		—		—		15,906		(6)
Municipal bonds		982		(16)		19,589		(386)		20,571		(402)
Total	$	18,358	$	(48)	$	62,181	$	(1,626)	$	80,539	$	(1,674)

As of June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, no allowance for credit losses were recognized on the Company’s available-for-sale debt securities as no portion of the unrealized losses associated with those securities were due to credit losses. The information that the Company considered in reaching the conclusion that an allowance for credit losses was not necessary is as follows:

As of June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, the Company held a total of 17 out of 22 positions and 35 out of 39 positions, respectively, that were in an unrealized loss position, all of which had been in an unrealized loss position for 12 months or greater as of June 30, 2023. Unrealized losses individually and in aggregate, including any in an unrealized loss position for 12 months or greater, were not considered to be material for each respective period. Based on the Company’s review of these securities, the Company believes that the cost basis of its available-for-sale marketable securities is recoverable.

U.S. government agency obligations. The unrealized losses on the Company’s investments in direct obligations of government agencies were due to changes in interest rates and non-credit related factors. The credit ratings of these investments in the Company’s portfolio have not been downgraded below investment grade status. The contractual terms of these investments do not permit the issuer to repay principal at a price less than the amortized cost bases of the investments, which is equivalent to the par value on the maturity date. The Company expects to recover the entire amortized cost bases of these securities on the maturity date. The Company does not intend to sell these investments, and it is not “more likely than not” that the Company will be required to sell these investments before recovery of their amortized cost bases. The Company held 3 out of 3 positions for its U.S. government agency obligations, that were in unrealized loss positions as of June 30, 2023.

Corporate bonds and municipal bonds. The unrealized losses on the Company’s investments in corporate bonds and municipal bonds were due to changes in interest rates and non-credit related factors. The credit ratings of these investments in the Company’s portfolio have not been downgraded below investment grade status. The contractual terms of these investments do not permit the issuer to repay principal at a price less than the amortized cost bases of the investments, which is equivalent to the par value on the maturity date. The Company expects to recover the entire amortized cost bases of these securities on the maturity date. The Company does not intend to sell these investments, and it is not “more likely than not” that the Company will be required to sell these investments before recovery of their amortized cost bases. The Company held 8 out of 8 positions for its corporate bonds, and 6 out of 11 positions for its municipal bonds, that were in unrealized loss positions as of June 30, 2023.

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CARA THERAPEUTICS, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(amounts in thousands, except share and per share data)

(unaudited)

The Company classifies its marketable debt securities based on their contractual maturity dates. As of June 30, 2023, the Company’s marketable debt securities mature at various dates through November 2024. The amortized cost and fair values of marketable debt securities by contractual maturity were as follows:


	As of June 30, 2023				As of December 31, 2022
Contractual maturity	Amortized Cost		Fair Value		Amortized Cost		Fair Value
Less than one year	$	36,725	$	36,442	$	82,678	$	81,658
One year to two years		7,500		7,053